He aha te Köka Mātua 70% he kōwhiringa tūmatanui mō te whakaputa kai hōtaina anamata?

Te whakamāhua ake o te whakamāhi i ngā rākau e whakamāhi ana i te kai i tēnei, i ngā pūngao kai tātai.

Te whakamāhua ake o te whakamāhi kai (FCR): Mycoprotein (FCR <1.1) tātai i te kai ika (1.5–2.0) me te soya (1.8–2.2)

Ko te whakamāhua ake o te whakamāhi kai (FCR) he tohu mō te whakamāhua ake o te whakamāhi kai e te kararehe hei pūngao mō tana tinana — ko te iti ake o te FCR he iti ake te kai e hiahiatia ana mō ia waahanga o te tipu, ā, he iti ake ngā rākau me ngā utu mahi. Ko te mycoprotein, he kai pūngao nui mai i ngā hāpū kōwhai, e whakamāhinga ana i te whakamāhua ake o te kai, e tātai ana i te FCR o he iti ake i te 1.1 , he whakamāhua ake nui atu i ngā pūngao kai tātai. I te rārangi, ko te kai ika e tātai ana i te 1.5 ki te 2.0 , me ngā kaiwhakamātua pāpā o te soya 1.8 ki te 2.2 .

Hei whakamārama i tēnei, he mātao te whakamātautau o te mycoprotein, ā, he whakarere āhua o ngā amino acid — ēnei āhua e tautoko ana i te whakamātautau pai o ngā nutriente me te whakamātautau o ngā hāngā o te tinana. I rite tonu ki ngā kaiwhakamātua mai i ngā rākau, i ngā ika rānei, kāore te FCR o te mycoprotein e hāngā mai i ngā rārangi o te tau, i ngā whakamātau, i ngā rāhui i te wai, i te whakamātautau i ngā ika, ā, ka taea te whakamātautau tātai, te whakamātautau tātai i tēnei tau katoa. Nā reira, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamātua kai te whakamātautau i ngā whāinga o te kaiwhakamātua i te kai, me te whakamātautau i ngā kaiwhakamātua i te kai, me te whakamātautau i ngā whakamātautau o ngā ika me ngā whenua.

Ngā Whakamātautau o te Whenua me te Wai: He 95% iti ake te whenua e whai ana, he 88% iti ake te wai mātāmua i te kaiwhakamātua pāpā o te soya

He nui ngā whakamātautau o te whakamātautau o te mycoprotein i te whakamātautau o te kaiwhakamātua pāpā o te soya. Ko ngā whakamātautau o te oranga o te ao e whakaatu ana ko te whakamātautau e hiahiatia ana ko he 95% iti ake te whenua e whai ana ā he 88% iti ake te wai mātāmua , i te nuinga o te wā, nā te whakamātau o ngā pūpū e whakamāhinga ana i ngā kōwhanga āhua pūnaha, ā, he kōwhanga āhua pūnaha e tātai ai te huarere — kāore he hāngā i te oneone, i ngā ua, i ngā rākau rahi hei whakamāhinga. I te rārangi, ko te whakamāhinga o te soya he take o te ngāwari o ngā wāhi taiao mātua, ā, ka whakamāhinga hoki i ngā wāhi maha o te wai māori hei whakamāhinga. Ko ngā kōwhanga o te mycoprotein e whakamāhinga ana i te whakamāhinga o te wai i roto i ngā rārangi o te whakamāhinga, kia iti ake te whakamāhinga i te wai māori.

Ko tēnei kōwhanga āhua pūnaha kotahi e whakamāhinga ana i te whakamāhinga o te protein e rite ana ki ngā hektāra mano o ngā mara soya — kāore he whakamāhinga o ngā wāhi, o ngā oneone, o ngā pungāwerewere. Ko tēnei whakamāhinga i ngā here o te whenua me te wai e whakamāhinga ana i te mycoprotein i ngā wāhi e iti ana te wai, i ngā wāhi e iti ana te whenua. Mō ngā kaiwhakamāhinga o ngā kai, ko te whakamāhinga i te mycoprotein he iti ake te painga ātaahua, he iti ake te whakamāhinga i te soya mai i waho, ā, he whakamāhinga hoki i ngā whakamāhinga o te whakamāhinga o ngā ika me ngā kararehe.

Te Iti ake o te Painga i te Taiao: Ngā Whakamātautau i te Tāwhai Ārōhia me ngā Whakamātautau i te Hāere o te Ora

Ko ngā whakamātautau i te hāere o te ora (LCA) te whakamārama i te painga katoa o te taiao i ngā pūtake o te whakamātautau — mai i te tātai i ngā rākau mātua ki te kāinga o te wharepākā. Ko ngā whakamātautau LCA e whakamārama ana i te mycoprotein hei whakamātautau iti ake i ngā pūtake o te whakamātautau o ngā rākau me ngā kai moana.

70% te iti ake o ngā whakaputanga GHG i tēnei i tēnei i te kai pāpā rākau (2.1 vs. 7.3 kg CO₂-eq/kg protein)

I tēnei whakamātautau kua whakamānāhia e ngā hoa i te tau 2023 mai i te tātai i ngā rākau mātua ki te kāinga o te wharepākā, ko te tāwhai ārōhia o te mycoprotein he iti noa 2.1 kg CO₂-equivalent per kilogram of protein , ina tāwhai i te 7.3 kg CO₂-eq/kg for conventional soybean meal — tētahi he 70% iti ake . Ngā kaiwhakamārama matua ko tēnei te FCR i raro i te 1.1, ā, he whakamāmā i te hiahia i ngā ingoa pūtake e whakamāngō ana i te kāpuni, me te kāore o ngā whakamāngō ahuwhenua pērā i te nitrous oxide mai i ngā pungawerewhenua, me te diesel mai i ngā mahi ahuwhenua e whakamāhinga ana. Ko te fermentation i ngā bioreactors kīwaha, ā, he wāhi e taea ai te whakamātātari i ngā rākau hiko o ngā huarahi āhua, ā, he iti ake ngā whakamāngō mai i te nekehanga. I te whakamātautau i te tono kai i te ao, ahakoa he iti te whakamāngō o te soy ki te mycoprotein, ka taea te whakakore i ngā tau maha o ngā tono CO₂e i ia tau — ā, he tautoko i ngā whāinga āhuarangi e whai ana i te mātauranga, ā, he iti ake hoki te kāpuni o ngā kai mo ngā kararehe.

He iti ake te eutrophication me ngā pānga ki te rereketanga o ngā kararehe mai i te korenga o ngā ingoa pūtake e whai ana i te whakamāngō o ngā rakau.

Kāore te mycoprotein i ngā pānga o te eutrophication me ngā rereketanga o ngā kararehe e whai ana i te whakamāngō o te soy i te ao. Ko tēnei i whakaatu mai i tēnei LCA o te tau 2022, ko tana eutrophication potential he 85% iti ake i te soybean meal , nā te whakamāmātanga i te hāngā i ngā pūtake o te whakamāmātanga, nā reira kāore he hāngā i ngā tāpoi mātātuhi, ngā pūtau whawhai, me ngā wāhi āwhina i te ahua — ā, ngā pūtake matua o te rere o ngā nutrihanga, o ngā pūpū kōkō, me ngā wāhi mātātuhi o ngā wai. Mā te tango i te wāhi āwhina i te ahua i tēnei, ko te mycoprotein he whakamāmātanga i ngā pressure ki ngā ngahere, ki ngā pākihi, me ngā wāhi mātātuhi, ā, he whakamāmātanga hoki i ngā wāhi e tātari ana i te oranga o ngā kararehe me ngā mahinga o te ao. Ko tēnei hāngā hoki kāore he whakamāmātanga i ngā kararehe e whakamātautau ana i ngā pūrākau, i ngā kararehe o te oneone — he tauira pai ake i ngā whakamāmātanga o te soya. Ko ēnei painga e whakamāmātanga ana i ngā whakaaetanga kia kore he ngahere kua tāwhai, ā, he whakamāmātanga hoki i te rōle o te mycoprotein i te hanga i ngā hāngā kaha, i ngā hāngā e whakamāmātanga ana i te ao.

Te Whakauru i te Haerenga Pūtea: Te Hanga Mycoprotein mai i ngā Rere o te Kākano

Te Whakamāmātanga o Fusarium venenatum Mā ngā Hua o te Whakamāmātanga o ngā Kai (hei tauira, ngā hydrolysates o te patate, ngā molasses)

Te pūrākau kōkō Fusarium venenatum he tino pai ki te hanga porohita: he pai te huri i nga toenga tukatuka kai iti-uara tae atu ki nga hydrolysates konupora mai i te tukatuka rīwai, te witi, me te melases mai i te tukatuka huka ki te mycoprotein kounga teitei. Ko tōna pūnaha pūmua kaha (amylases, proteases, lipases) ka pakaru i ngā waro-ā-wā, ngā pūmua, me ngā pūmua i roto i ēnei awa, e āhei ana ki te tere te kohikohi i te koiora i te wā o te whakaranu i raro i te wai. Mā tēnei huarahi kati-taiao e huri ai i ngā ururua e whakatakotoria ana ki te paru, e tahuna ana rānei ki tētahi kai kai-nui, he mea nui. Ko te arotake 2025 i whakapumautia ko te whakaranu i runga i nga awa o te ahumahi ahuwhenua ka whakaputa i te mycoprotein me te tohu waikawa amino tino pai, e waatea ana mo te ahuwhenua me nga kai kararehe e whakauru ana i nga kaupapa matua o te ohanga porohita.

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Ko te tikanga o te whakawātea i te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua o te hua Mā te whakamahi i tētahi ranunga o ngā waihanga waihanga waihanga, me te mease, me ētahi atu hua o te kai i mua i te kai, ka whakaranu ngā whare Fusarium venenatum i te tauine whakamātautau, i whakaputahia ngā pūmua pūmua i angitu te whakakapi i ngā wāhanga nui o te paraoa ika i roto i ngā kai o te haurangi me te paraoa kāore e whakaiti i te mahi tupu, i te hurihanga kai rānei. I whakapumautia e ngā LCA he whakaiti nui i te whakamahinga whenua, te whakapau wai puru, me te āhei eutrophication ki te huka huka me te huka ika. He mea nui, i whakaatuhia e ngā whakamātautau he hanga uara rua: te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā ika i mau i te ngahere ā te huri i ngā otaota tukatuka kai e kore e taea te karo i te whakakore. Kua tere ake ēnei hua i ngā mahere mō te whakaputa nui ake, whakauru hokohoko whakapakari i te tūranga taketake o te mycoprotein i roto i te ōhanga koiora porohita mō te kai kararehe.

Te Whakataurite i ngā Whiwhinga Taiao me te Whakamahi Energy i roto i te Whakakōkī Ahumahi

Ko te whakamāhinga i te ao hāngai he take e hiahiatia ai te hiko — ā, i te nuinga o ngā wā, mō te whakauru i te hau, te whakamātua, me te whakahaere i te hāngai. I tēnei tau, i whakamārama tēnei LCA i te whakamāhinga i te hiko i te 10 MJ i ia kilogram o te mycoprotein 10 MJ per kilogram of mycoprotein , e rite ana, i te iti ake i te 15–20 MJ/kg e hiahiatia ana mō te whakamāhinga i te kai moana. He mea matua, ko ngā hiko e whakamāhinga ana i tēnei, kei te piki ake ngā rereketanga o ngā puna hiko ōrite, ā, ngā whānanga hou pērā i te whakamāhinga tonu me te whakaora i ngā hiko kua whakamāhinga kē, kei te whakapai ake i te whai hua. Ko te mea matua, ahakoa ngā hiko e whakamāhinga ana, ko te mycoprotein kei te whai i te 70% lower carbon footprint than soybean meal , ā, kāore he whakamāhinga i ngā whenua e whai ana i te whakakī i ngā rakau, ā, kāore hoki he whakamāhinga i ngā wai āwhina. Ko te whai hua o te oranga tonu he mea māmā: ko te whakamāhinga i te hiko he take e whai hua ana — kāore he whakawhitinga — i te whai hua o te mycoprotein i ngā āhuatanga o te taiao.

Nga Pātai Ake (FAQs)

He aha te mycoprotein, me pēhea tana whakaputa?

Ko te mycoprotein he kai tāwhai hāngai, he kai tāwhai hāngai mai i ngā pūpū hāngai, ā, i te nuinga o ngā wā, i whakamāhinga mai i ngā whakamāhinga hāngai e whakamāhinga ana i ngā kai kua whakamāhinga kē hei kai.

Pehea te whānanga o te mycoprotein i te iti o te rārangi o te kai (FCR)?

Ko te whānanga o te mycoprotein i te pūkenga o te whakamātau, me tōna āhua o ngā amino acid e tātari ana, he whānanga pai hoki i ngā rākau o te kai, ā, ko te FCR he iti ake i te 1.1 — he pai ake nui i ngā kai moana me ngā kai pāpā.

He aha te take i tēnei, he whānanga pai ake te mycoprotein i ngā kai tāwhai tuku iho?

Ko te mycoprotein e hiahiatia ana he iti ake ngā wāhi whenua me ngā wāhi wai, he iti ake ngā whakamātautau o ngā hauārangi, ā, e whakakore ana i ngā pānga o te whakamātautau o ngā rakau, o ngā rākau o te wai, me ngā whakamātautau o ngā kai moana.

He pēhea te whakamātautau o ngā rākau mō te whānanga o te mycoprotein?

Ahakoa he pūkenga te whānanga o te fermentation i ngā mahinga, he nui ake ngā rākau o te whakamātautau i ngā rākau o te whakamātautau o te mycoprotein i ngā rākau o te whakamātautau o te kai pāpā.

He aha te rōle o te mycoprotein i te ara o te whakamātautau?

Ko te mycoprotein i whanangia mai i ngā rōhutu pāpātanga pērā i ngā hydrolysates o te patate me ngā molasses, i huri i ngā kōrero iti i te uara ki ngā ingrediēnt ākonga kaha, ā, he whakaahua o ngā whakamātautau o te āhua pūrākau.